The pentagram is a very common symbol in Freemasonry and appears in different degrees and rites. It is mostly common in the 2nd “craft” degree where is has the rough meaning of “man” with his five faculties. It can also be a blazing star, but in this example, it obviously is the sun. Sometime stars are drawn as five pointed stars. You also see them inverted. The meaning depends on the context.
Frequently reproduced. Can be found in Feddersen (Die Arbeitstafel in der Freimaurerei Band I (1982) D/37, P. 371) who gives as source “origin unknown”.